Many great ones already posted. I think you have to do this by category. Here are my votes.
Eau de Cologne: Guerlain Imperiale. Acqua di Parma Colonia if you want something that lasts, but this is more than a strict EdC, I think. I don't know for sure, but AdPC seems like it was meant to be a proper perfume with some longevity that smells like an EdC. I may be completely wrong about this since I don't know much.
Fougere: vintage Fougere Royale (the new one doesn't count). English Fern or Brut for something still made, but they don't really measure up.
Chypre: Chanel pour Monsieur, at least the vintage (haven't tried the current)
Oriental: Habit Rouge
Leather: Knize Ten
Green Chypre (powerhouse): Azzarro
Floral Aldehydic: Old Spice
Lavender: Caron pour un Homme if you like it clean, Guerlain Mouchoir de Monsieur if you like it dirty
I don't think gourmands and aquatic/calone-ics are categories that really count here. You could certainly name some defining examples, but the genres don't feel classic to me. Any genre that was invented during my lifetime probably never will, to me at least. Maybe 20 years from now, young men will see A*Men and Acqua di Gio this way.